RISK FACTORS FOR RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME IN NEWBORN BABIES

Abstract

Respiratory Distress Syndrome  (RDS), also known in Bahasa as Penyakit Membran Hyaline (PMH), is a respiratory disorder commonly occurs in premature babies with symptoms such as the following like chest retraction tachypnea, cyanosis due to stagnant and worsening room air at 48-96 hours of life using a specific chest X-ray. The cause is a lack of surfactant. In Southeast Asia, the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in premature babies is RDS (Respiratory Distress Syndrome ). Based on medical records data from Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sidikalang (Sidikalang Regional General Hospital) in 2019 for the period January to June, the number of newborn patients treated in the perinatology room was 366 (three hundred and sixty six) babies, and around 60% suffered respiratory problems like RDS. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach. The sample population of this research was 320 newborns treated in the perinatology room at Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sidikalang from January to June 2019, with total sampling carried out. The results of this study showed that the risk factors Respiratory Distress Syndrome  for newborns at the Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sidikalang are gestational age with value p 0.001, and the type of delivery with value p 0.000 and neonatal asphyxia with value p 0.000, while birth weight and gender has not been proven to be a risk factor for RDS. It is necessary to educate pregnant women to avoid caesarean section deliveries without indications.